“LA PSICOLOGÍA PRESIDENCIAL”

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En la primera entrevista dirigida a Alejandro Gaviria después de salir del Ministerio de Educación, el mismo hizo mención, a lo que jocosamente llamó la “psicología presidencial” y desde la que justificó su análisis de un Gustavo Petro que se mueve entre una postura radical pero que lo lleva hacia un gobierno ineficaz y, una segunda postura que traiciona a la primera, pero logra salir bien librado en su mandato con algunos consensos a favor.

Lo que asumo como una lectura transparente de Gaviria describe lo que es una realidad, no sólo para Petro sino para todos los seres humanos: la disonancia cognitiva. Todos los seres humanos, actuamos o hemos actuado de manera incoherente. Nuestras ideas sobre el mundo pueden llevarnos a la disyuntiva entre lo que consideramos fiel a nuestros principios, pero nos deja sin margen de maniobra y aquello que resulta efectivo en la práctica, pero nos obliga a descolocar lo que considerábamos inamovible. Cuando debaten dos ideas, el sistema de creencias debe encontrar una justificación a una de las ideas que hala más fuerte en el conflicto y, tomar postura. Lo complejo, es que, en cualquiera de los casos, la idea ganadora va a debilitar una parte del yo para fortalecer otra que traiga mayores beneficios o, que sea menos perjudicial no sólo para sí mismo, sino para otros que son importantes en la configuración de la identidad personal.

Desde la disonancia cognitiva podríamos explicar la táctica de ir en contra de las declaraciones de Francia Márquez, por ejemplo. Jugar con las ideas contrarias: “Francia Márquez se eligió representando humildad, o austeridad en el gasto público” pero “Francia Márquez se desplaza en helicóptero todos los días hasta su casa y nos dice a todos “de malas”, es una narrativa ganadora desde la oposición que ayuda fácilmente a desdibujar la imagen de “cambio” del gobierno actual. Esto, sin contar que logran sumar adeptos de otras orillas a quienes no les interesa focalizar su atención en las razones de seguridad suficientemente válidas para el desplazamiento en helicóptero o, ignorar que si existe un tinte clasista en el constante interés de los medios acerca de sus nuevos gastos de vivienda. Para algunos, resulta más relevante enfocarse en el tono de la voz, en una aparente arrogancia que nada tiene que ver con la Francia Márquez que estuvo en campaña, etc. Sea cual sea la idea que haya resultado más convincente para usted y con la que hoy soporta su postura ante este caso, está protegiendo a su sistema de creencias. Todos lo hacemos.

Para las personas, no pueden existir dos ideas contrarias sobre un suceso y menos sobre una figura política porque esta última representa valores, ideas sobre el mundo que se han formado durante toda su vida. De alguna forma, existe una necesidad de encontrar explicación en estos casos, ya sea atacar, por un lado, o defender y reafirmar la propia configuración del mundo que cada uno tiene. Por lo tanto, tampoco puede existir un Gustavo Petro que haya abanderado la lucha contra la corrupción y un Gustavo Petro que haya criado un hijo aparentemente corrupto. No hay manera convivir (sin conflicto) con las dos ideas. Por eso, una puerta de salida para el presidente era dejar claro con su “yo no lo crie” cualquier tipo de vinculación ante el caso por el parentesco. Nuevamente, en usted ganará la idea que más proteja a su sistema de creencias.

Si es seguidor del Pacto Histórico a lo mejor ignore el machismo evidente en la expresión, pero en el sentido práctico, esto responde a una justificación suficiente para seguir confiando en su líder político porque de alguna manera, en él se representa también lo que usted es.

Sucesos como los que ha tenido que enfrentar este gobierno han tocado puntos neurálgicos del cambio vendido en campaña que usó hechos similares con protagonistas de la oposición y   que posibilitó el apoyo de un gran número de personas por la contundencia en la lucha contra la desigualdad. Así, aunque Gaviria hablaba de un Petro desde la administración pública, los escándalos recientes del gobierno sobrepasan su gestión y permean una esfera privada no sólo en presidencia sino en vicepresidencia que los muestran incoherentes y hasta víctimas de su propia postura radical.

Melina Moncada

736 comentarios en ““LA PSICOLOGÍA PRESIDENCIAL””

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