Hoy: Lun, marzo 17 2025

ECHEVERRY Y LA POLÍTICA MÁS ALLÁ DE LOS MEDIOS

Escuchando la intervención del candidato presidencial Juan Carlos Echeverry en el sexto congreso empresarial colombiano, organizado por la Asociación Nacional de Industriales (ANDI) y a propósito de su visita a la ciudad de Cúcuta esta semana, se me vienen a la mente una serie de comentarios y preguntas en torno a su discurso.

Echeverry dijo en esta intervención, entre tantas cosas que me llamaron la atención, que el país debe optar por un economista como presidente y que su conocimiento es lo que necesita el país. Estos comentarios me llevan a la discusión de qué es la política, un simple ejercicio técnico o si hay algo más alrededor de esta.

La política es el mecanismo por el cual se toman decisiones vinculantes para el conjunto de la sociedad, es a través de esta que organizamos la vida en comunidad. las decisiones políticas están motivadas entre muchos aspectos por aspectos técnicos, pero no son los únicos que subyacen a las decisiones políticas. La política está llena de motivaciones de muy distinta índole, unas orientadas por la concepción que se tiene de lo bueno, otras de lo sagrado o lo justo, pero todas estas pasan por el conjunto de ideas que imperan o predominan en la sociedad.

Por estas diferentes consideraciones que tenemos los ciudadanos de lo bueno, lo justo y lo sagrado es que la discusión sobre los fines sigue abierta, y es la que motiva y mueve la política, como dice Isaiah Berlin  “Cuando se está de acuerdo en los fines, los únicos problemas que quedan son los de los medios, y éstos no son políticos, sino técnicos; es decir, capaces de ser resueltos por los expertos o por las máquinas, al igual que las discusiones que se producen entre los ingenieros o los médicos”, y yo agregaría las discusiones que se producen entre los economistas.

Parece dar a entender Echeverry que como sociedad ya hemos llegado a un acuerdo sobre los fines, y que solo haría falta un técnico capaz, que ponga en marcha los medios para la consecución de dichos fines, pero todo apunta a lo contrario, que como sociedad no hemos llegado a acuerdos, ni siquiera sobre los mínimos necesarios para el mantenimiento del orden social.

Sería bueno empezar a escuchar que hará Echeverry con la relación diplomática con Venezuela, que tratamiento le dará a la lucha contra el narcotráfico y a los grupos armados, apostara por la regulación de las drogas o le seguirá apostando al prohibicionismo, todas estas decisiones tienen en su base más que soluciones técnicas, soluciones políticas.

El próximo presidente tendrá que llevar a cabo reformas profundas en muy diversos ámbitos de la sociedad, es improrrogable una reforma al sistema de pensiones, también es improrrogable una reforma a la Justicia, una reforma política y una reforma laboral, entre muchas otras, para llevar acabo esto no solo implica conocer el problema, sino además ser capaz de liderar los cambios, por esto es fundamental que el próximo presidente  tenga como proponía Max Weber “pasión, mesura y sentido de responsabilidad”.  Para concluir cabe decir que no sé si el país necesita como presidente a un economista, lo que sí es claro, es que necesita un presidente que sea más que solo un economista.

Sebastián Suárez Ojeda

Estudiante Ciencia Política de la Universidad de Antioquia. Analista político en Radio y Televisión. Twitter: @Sebaspolítologo

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