En los últimos años, las redes sociales se han convertido en espacios digitales en los que, lastimosamente, conviven promotores de ‘fake news’, manipuladores de información, personas con odios acumulados y generadores de odio, personajes que en muchos casos están en el anonimato o crean personajes falsos que les permiten hacer de las suyas en la internet. Esto ha encontrado eco, gracias al poco interés que muchas personas tienen en informarse correctamente.
Años atrás, gran parte de los habitantes de un país se informaban por los noticieros radiales y televisivos, la lectura de periódicos y revistas, y en algunos casos, mediante programas de opinión dirigidos por expertos. Hoy en día, a pesar de que estas herramientas informativas siguen existiendo, muchas personas se informan solo por titulares que ven en Facebook, Instagram o Twitter (no abren la noticia para leerla y con titulares confusos, sienten indignación o molestia, e inician a discutir en los comentarios), también por manipuladores de información con intereses oscuros que generan odios o en el peor de los casos, no se enteran de lo que pasa en el país y en el mundo, siendo así, las “víctimas perfectas” para las noticias falsas que pululan en redes y a través de cadenas por WhatsApp.
El odio digital hace de las suyas y en tiempos de campañas políticas se acrecienta. En tiempos recientes, se han hecho comunes términos como: uribestias, farcsantos, petroñeros, King Kong, Cerdo – Marrano, o a los que contradicen un mensaje o tienen una opinión que no es del gusto de algunos, inmediatamente son etiquetados como guerrilleros, paras, fachos, anti-derechos, entre otros, que en contextos de discusiones acaloradas en las redes por algún tema en particular, derivan en emociones negativas y permanentes insultos.
En este tenor, también aparecen las famosas “bodegas”, personas contratadas para cumplir intereses particulares, que pueden tener, en muchos casos, enfoques politiqueros o de manipulación de información. Perfiles en redes sociales de reciente creación, con pocos seguidores, con publicaciones en las que se lanzan ataques contra otras personas o se promueven temas desinformativos, con el ánimo de crear matrices mediáticas para generar rabia, caos, división o fomentar violencia y causas radicales, entre quienes las leen.
No es una tarea fácil derrotar el odio digital y la clave está en la educación, la ciudadanía activa, la promoción de la información veraz y la tecnología. Algunas organizaciones de la sociedad civil están liderando iniciativas para transformar esta situación, trabajando en conjunto con empresas tecnológicas y gobiernos de varios países. Así mismo, se han creado herramientas de detección automatizada de discursos de odio, verificación de información anti ‘fake news’ y otros desarrollos tecnológicos, que sin que se afecte la libertad de expresión, sirven para erradicar este mal que nos está afectando como sociedad.
Francisco Ruiz Antón (1966-2020), quien fue director de Políticas Públicas de Google España y Portugal, señaló lo siguiente: “los promotores del odio, la violencia, los extremistas y los terroristas buscan atacar y erosionar no solo nuestra seguridad, sino también nuestros valores y nuestra sociedad. Pero estamos convencidos de que el uso de tecnología de vanguardia junto con esfuerzos colectivos en pos de la educación y la concienciación, representan un paso adelante para avanzar en la dirección correcta”.
15 comentarios en “EL ODIO DIGITAL: MAL DE NUESTROS DÍAS.”
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